PQC Performance

Performance characteristics of QNSP's PQC implementations.

Benchmark environment

• CPU: Modern x86-64 with AVX2
• Implementation: liboqs with optimized backends

Signature algorithms

Algorithm	KeyGen	Sign	Verify
Ed25519 (classical)	30 μs	50 μs	70 μs
Dilithium3	100 μs	200 μs	100 μs
Falcon-512	50 ms	5 ms	100 μs
SPHINCS+-128s	5 ms	100 ms	5 ms

Key encapsulation

Algorithm	KeyGen	Encaps	Decaps
X25519 (classical)	30 μs	30 μs	30 μs
Kyber-768	50 μs	60 μs	70 μs

Size comparison

Algorithm	Public key	Secret key	Signature/Ciphertext
Ed25519	32 B	64 B	64 B
Dilithium3	1952 B	4032 B	3293 B
Kyber-768	1184 B	2400 B	1088 B

Throughput

Typical operations per second (single core):

Operation	Ops/sec
Dilithium3 sign	5,000
Dilithium3 verify	10,000
Kyber-768 encaps	15,000
AES-256-GCM encrypt (1KB)	500,000

Optimization tips

• Batch verification when possible
• Cache public keys
• Use hardware acceleration (AVX2/AVX-512)
• Consider Falcon for verification-heavy workloads